China's logistics system operation model development analysis - Database & Sql Blog Articles

Abstract: Using the theoretical analysis tool of Hall 3D structure system engineering, the elements of logistics system are analyzed, and the three-dimensional structure model of logistics system in China is simulated. Through the exploration of the relevant elements of the logistics system, the development trajectory of the logistics operation mode is summarized, and the logistics change trend is derived according to the model. A new strategy of establishing the fourth party and fifth party logistics operation mode based on the e-commerce platform is proposed. To conduct in-depth discussions on the development of China's logistics.
Keywords: logistics operation mode; system analysis; Hall 3D model

Systematicity is one of the most basic characteristics of logistics. The integration of system science and logistics science has quickly formed a complete research system. Due to the "congenital" system problems and the "acquired" environment, China's logistics operation system is not perfect enough, and its development is slow and urgently needed to be optimized. Therefore, it is extremely important to explore the logistics operation mode suitable for the development of the Chinese market. significance. This paper uses the system idea to construct a series of Hall three-dimensional structural system model to solve a series of corresponding problems of China's logistics from the perspective of system, and further promote the rapid, healthy, sustained and stable development of China's logistics.

1 Logistics system

Logistics activities are composed of many complicated links, and there are interrelated and mutually restrictive relationships among them. Therefore, logistics is a comprehensive body that exists as an organic integration. This organic complex is called For the logistics system. The logistics system consists of two parts: the “logistics operation system” and the “logistics information system” that supports the flow of logistics information.

The logistics operation system includes transportation, storage, handling, packaging, distribution processing and many other activities; the logistics information system includes information activities such as command, real-time control and feedback coordination for various activities in the logistics operation system. There is a certain hierarchical relationship between the logistics operation system and the logistics information system. They are inseparable, interdependent and cooperate with each other to achieve the goal of the entire logistics system.

By integrating the information flow from the logistics system as a whole, the whole process of production, circulation and consumption can be regarded as a whole system. Using the theory and method of the system to plan, manage and control the logistics system, and selecting the optimal solution, it can reduce logistics costs, improve logistics efficiency, improve customer service, and achieve the goal of improving social and economic benefits and economic benefits.

2 Logistics system analysis

According to the elements of the logistics system and the development of the logistics system operation mode, we can use the system engineering analysis tool Hall three-dimensional structure model to analyze the logistics system. The logic analysis steps are as follows: (1) Analysis of the current logistics status, elaborate (2) clarify the direction and objectives of the development of the logistics business model; (3) summarize the internal elements of the logistics system; (4) analyze the operation of the logistics system; (5) optimize the existing system model; 6) Determine the final corresponding optimization mode for implementation.

A three-dimensional conceptual model of the logistics system constructed with reference to the three-dimensional model of the Hall system engineering.

2.1 Logistics system time dimension. The logistics system is divided into five stages according to the order of time, from the supply of raw materials to the recycling and disposal. The supply logistics (Supply Logistics) stage, the production logistics stage, and the sales logistics (Distribution Logistics) stage, Returned Logistics stage and Waste material Logistics stage.

2.2 Logistics system knowledge dimension. In addition to the need for certain common knowledge, the logistics system needs knowledge of various aspects of product logistics and various professional technologies. These knowledge and expertise can be broadly divided into eight parts: Transportation, Storage, Handing, Loading and Unloading, Packaging, Distribution, and Logistics Information Processing ( Information Processing).

2.3 Logistics system logic dimension. China's logistics operation model (logistics system logic dimension) can be divided into four stages: Enterprise Owned Logistics, Third Party Logistics (TPL), Fourth Party Logistics (Fourth Party Logistics) and Fifth Party Logistic.

By constructing the Hall 3D structural model of the logistics system, we can not only help us establish the concept of logistics engineering as a system for analysis, reveal the matrix structure of logistics system elements, but also help us design, improve and optimize logistics operation plans.

3 Logistics system development model

Through the analysis of the Hall model, we can clearly see the various forms of China's logistics operation development. After a general summary, the logistics operation mode can be divided into four categories.

3.1 Enterprise self-operated logistics mode. The self-operated logistics mode belongs to the initial stage of logistics. Under the system of planned economy, it was once the dominant form of logistics, that is, the traditional logistics mode. In the traditional management mode, the main mode of logistics operation is “first party logistics” or “second party logistics”. The First Party Logistics (1PL) refers to the process in which the material supplier itself undertakes the delivery to the material demand side to realize the spatial displacement of the materials; The Second Party Logistics (2PL) refers to the second party logistics (2PL). The material demand side solves the logistics problem of the required materials to realize the spatial displacement of the materials. Traditionally, some large-scale enterprises have their own transportation tools and storage warehouses to solve the logistics problems of products. However, with the deepening of the market economy, the continuous expansion of the market, and the increasingly complex logistics environment and factors, this logistics model has been unable to adapt to the requirements of the market and has been gradually replaced by other advanced and efficient operating modes.

3.2 Third Party Logistics Model. The third-party logistics model is the main mode of current domestic operation development. Compared with the first party and the second party logistics, the third party logistics is based on modern information technology, using contracted paid services to establish long-term strategic alliance characteristics with customers.

Third-party logistics does not belong to the first party or the second party, but provides its specialized logistics services through cooperation with the first party or the second party. It does not own commodities and does not participate in the trading of commodities. It is to provide customers with a series of customized, personalized and information-based logistics agency services based on contracts and alliances. It is an effective way to reduce logistics costs and improve competitiveness. Commonly used third-party logistics services include design logistics systems, EDI capabilities, report management, cargo collection, selection of carriers, freight forwarders, customs agents, warehousing, consulting, freight payments, freight negotiations, etc. In addition, according to the needs of the market, the company can also establish a regional centralized logistics center through joint ventures and cooperation, and concentrate the general delivery within the radiation range of the logistics center to the logistics center to share the logistics facilities and storage resources. Distribution facility utilization to reduce costs.

3.3 Fourth Party Logistics Model. Fourth Party Logistics is a supply chain integrator that combines and manages the organization itself with other complementary service providers to maintain resources, capabilities and technology to provide integrated supply chain solutions. The value of the fourth party logistics for the value generated by the customer, the so-called ability to create the value of the supply chain is four, respectively, Increase Revenue, Reduce Operating Cost Reduction, Working Capital Reduction and Fixed Capital Reduction.

The difference between fourth-party logistics and third-party logistics is that fourth-party logistics can provide a wider range of third-party logistics services, including technology to enter the market, supply chain strategy skills, capabilities, and program management experts. The biggest difference between the fourth party logistics and the third party logistics is to provide the customer's so-called "Comprehensive Supply Chain Solution", focusing on all the details of the supply chain management and providing corresponding countermeasures. The fourth-party logistics solution is to balance the capabilities of third-party logistics capabilities, technical service providers, and business process managers to provide greater integration of customer organizations and broader operational autonomy.

3.4 E-commerce-based fifth-party logistics model. In 2002, Stanley, President of Morgan Asia Pacific (Acquisition) Mergers and Acquisitions, first proposed the concept of "Fifth Party Logistic" (5PL) when investing in Hong Kong NetFeng Logistics Group. There is no uniform definition of the definition of the fifth party logistics. Some American scholars believe that the information company that provides software support for logistics companies is the fifth party logistics. The fifth party logistics enterprise is a specialized enterprise that is differentiated from the fourth party logistics. It is a logistics enterprise specializing in logistics information resource management. It is a supply chain member enterprise based entirely on its core competence. Therefore, the fifth party logistics will increasingly become a leading supply chain logistics operation mode that can help the supply chain to achieve continuous operation, reduce costs and improve efficiency.

4 Conclusion

With the rapid development of China's economy and its close integration with the world, the modern logistics industry, which is a new profit point, is in the ascendant in China. A deep understanding of the logistics operation model will help to grasp the dynamics of its development. Throughout the development trend of China's logistics industry, the first-party, second-party, and third-party logistics forms will coexist for a long time, which is the performance of social diversification. However, the fourth-party and five-party logistics operation mode will bring great impact on China's traditional logistics model with the arrival of the era of knowledge-based economy and supply chain management, although its further development and performance will be seen. The status of the function management of local governments and the acceptance of online transactions are determined. The fourth-party and five-party logistics operation mode is in line with the general development trend of international logistics. It should be said that it is the highest stage of the development of modern logistics mode, and it must become the final direction of China's future logistics development.